Academic Scholarships Untapped Financial Resources free essay sample

Salmon 1 Donovan M. A. Salmon Dry. Margaret Connors ENG 101-1 16: English Composition 28 March 2014 Academic Scholarships: Untapped Financial Resource The pursuit of a college education has continued to be a daunting experience for college bound students and the parents who support them. Adult students who are responsible for their own support, while pursuing a college degree, can find themselves delaying their academic pursuits because of the escalating cost. In some extreme cases, they opt to abandon their goals completely because they are unable to finance the cost.Other students may opt to take on the burden of crippling debt in order to finance their college education. This stark reality was emphasized by President Barack Obama in his speech at Henning High School, Syracuse, New York on August 22, 2013. The President stated, The average student who borrows for college now graduates owing more than $26,000, and a lot found people owe a lot more than that (Obama). We will write a custom essay sample on Academic Scholarships: Untapped Financial Resources or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Are academic scholarships-?the untapped financial resource-?the key to unlocking the code of a debt free college education?A useful resource is The College Board website. Myra Smith, past Executive Financial Aid: Peel Grant Director of Financial Aid Services at The College Board (Smith), provides a brief synopsis of how to start the thinking process around the cost of college and developing the financial plan. Personal Funds + Aid Source: Example Of a college budget developed by Donovan Salmon. Students attending BOMB, as a freshman responsible for their own support for the academic year 2013-2014 can expect to pay $2,100. 00 per semester or between $180. 00 to $370. 0 per credit in tuition cost plus other fees. The model presented is a budget for a freshman. It is clear from the data that this student would have to apply for a scholarship or a loan to cover the cost of $2,401. 0 that could not be financed by personal funds and financial aid. Investing the time and energy to explore the financial benefits of academic scholarships could make a difference-?not having to abandon ones academic goals or incur long-term debt-?having the financial freedom and resources to achieve ones academic potential.Scholarships provide financial resources that can be utilized by Salmon 3 students to finance the cost of their college education. The funding provided by scholarships do not have to be repaid by the student. Scholarships, when combined with Federal student grants and Federal work study programs, can alp to cover the cost of a college education, possibly eliminating the need to apply for a loan. There is a variety of scholarships on the BOMB website available to the student population. BOMB scholarships are administered by the BOMB Foundation, Inc.Applying for a BOMB scholarship has specific requirements. Applicants must complete an online application, submit a personal statement, obtain two recommendations and maintain at least a 3. 0 grade point average. It is also recommended that students applying for scholarships get involved in the BOMB community by volunteering. Christopher S. Penn, author of Scholarship Search Secrets, alludes most students applying for scholarships often make fundamental mistakes that compromise their scholarship applications.Penn, in his book, provides very useful information that can help students successfully navigate the scholarship search and application process. Penn suggests that students pay critical attention to the elements that will improve their opportunity for receiving a scholarship. One of the most vital elements of the scholarship application process is the Scholarship Essay, also known as a Personal Statement. Students often fail to take advantage of the scholarship opportunities that are available because they are required to submit a personal statement and find this process intimidating.Considering the potential financial benefits that can be derived from applying for scholarships, why would students not apply? Penn indicates that the scholarship search is a full time job (Penn 10). Penn also states, While it may seem that many scholarships are intended for the very top academic performers or the Salmon 4 poorest students, the reality is that there are scholarships for everyone (11). However, based on data available on the website for The National Center for Education Statistics, scholarships account for the smallest percentage of financial aid resources that are utilized by students.

Superman and Me Essays

Superman and Me Essays Superman and Me Paper Superman and Me Paper Sherman Alexie, Superman and Me In Sherman Alexies essay, Superman and Me, he uses repetition and extended metaphors to transition from a personal to social level as he illustrates his poor childhood, and how reading saves his and others lives. The essay is introduced with the Superman comic books that taught Alexie how to read. He uses the repetition of l cannot recall to explain that he does not recall the exact details of what he read but the idea of reading. He then contrasts this by stating what he can remember being a Spokane Indian boy living with his family on the Spokane Indian Reservation. This contrast is continued by emphasizing that his amily was poor by most standards and that they lived on irregular paychecks, hope, fear, and government surplus food. This creates more insight into Alexies childhood and situation. The comparison between the Superman comic books and Alexies family draws attention to his love for reading, although his family could barely afford books for him. The following paragraph go es further into depth about how Alexies acquired his love for reading and how that affected the way he saw the world. He, again, uses repetition to illustrate the vast library of books he read, bought, and the amount that could be found all around his home. For instance, he read books such as westerns, spy thrillers, murder mysteries and anything else he could find. This continues to develop his love for reading because it shows he would read all that he could Just to read. Alexie also reveals this love through his familys poor situation. When he had extra money, he bought new novels. This creates compassion and devotion because, although his family did not have money, they made sure their education and knowledge came first. Following this Alexie explains how, based on reading, his devotion started to change the way he understood his surroundings. He began seeing paragraphs as fences that held words and that they worked together for a common purpose. He connected that to his own life. For example, he saw his familys house was a paragraph different from the other houses surrounding his. The repetition of paragraph emphasizes that, with everything he saw, he could connect it to what he learned from reading. He then begins to make connections towards the Superman comic book. Although Alexie did not understand what he was reading, he managed to see the context of the comic book through each panel, complete with picture, dialogue, and narrative. Alexie repeats Superman is breaking down the door multiple times and follows this by l am breaking down the door to compare Superman to himself. This suggests that he saw himself in Superman and that he, too, could overcome his battles, such as the Indian stereotypes that label him. The shift allows Alexie to elaborate on how the Native Americans view education and how he broke away from their views. He begins by stating that a smart Indian is a dangerous person, widely feared and ridiculed by Indians and non-lndians alike to signify that Alexie felt he was different from other Indians. He discusses the many stereotypes that were labeled to Indians, such as struggling with basic reading or expecting to fail in the non-lndian world. In this paragraph, he uses the pronoun they multlple tlmes to separate himself from the other Indian classmates. He continues this repetition to categorize his other Indian classmates into one completely separate from himself. In comparison to Superman, Alexie did not want to be seen as one of the Indians and brought down by the low expectations the non- Indian world gave him but the peek of the pronoun we shows that Alexie was, onetheless, still labeled as an Indian. Alexie was stereotypes as an Indian, but he did not allow that to stop him. He fought, similar to Superman, for the chance to break down the barrier he was faced with. Much like that rest of his essay, he continues the use of repetition to emphasize the separation between himself and the other Indians. He uses l to show his separation into his own individuality. He states that l refused to fail. I was smart. I was arrogant. I was lucky to criticize the other Indians but to show that he was able to rise above the expectations of the Non-lndian world. Alexies love for books came from the need and necessity for it in his life, so it became surprising to him when he became a writer himself. He writes novels, short stories, and poems but that was something that Indians were ever taught. Writing was something beyond Indians. It was something not expected of them or certainly not something the Non-lndian world saw they were capable of doing. Alexie then discusses how, although he never had visiting teachers teach him how to write, he tries to visit the schools as often as possible to try and save their lives like Superman. He explains the two types of students he encounters: the ones willing to learn and the ones who sit in the back rows and ignore him. Although the second type fits into the Indian stereotype, Alexie refuses to let that define them. He pushes against their locked doors to show that he is like Superman and is devoted to not letting their stereotypes define them. He is trying to save their lives. In conclusion, Alexies use of repetition and extended metaphors to show transition from a poor Indian boy to a Superman-like hero enables him to successfully emphasize the importance of reading and education in ones life.

E-Commerce and E-Business Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

E-Commerce and E-Business - Research Paper Example Dell's website key characteristics were recognised which includes its context of use, impact of the homepage, general usability, page layout and navigation, and most importantly the information contents. The effective use of innovate web technologies and with a strong well-known brand name, the website works consistently with the general purpose of the online portal. The necessity of these elements is of high importance but marketing can also of a priority. Web usability is an important which Dell's website successfully applied along with the web navigation, information, and design. Also, considering online business, this report provides important notes about some legal and ethical issues. There are numerous threats to the security of Internet e-commerce. Dell has a strong brand and already established its position with effective business strategies, efficient use of technology and business model which gave them a competitive advantage from online stores. Our company, Delta IT Consultancy2, is an internet consultancy firm which includes servicing clients from e-business consultancy to providing e-solutions. As the client seeks recommendation about what counteract plans regarding their plan of redevelopment and enhancement of their online business presence and e-business strategy, our company is tasked to take charge of what they should implement with the growing dominance of Dell in the marketplace. The client is a 'bricks-and-clicks' company which is a business model by which a company integrates both offline (bricks) and online (clicks) presences (Wikipedia, 2007). With the ever increasing competition in the online marketplace especially online computer sale stores, the numbers of sales are significantly affected. The aim of this report is to analyse and evaluate Dell's website infrastructure and its e-commerce or e-business strategy. The report comprises two sections accordingly. Section 1 will be the appraisal details of Dell's website, which is the main dominating company in the marketplace and provides the key pressure to the client's success. Utilising Dell's website as the mock-up standards, it is recommended to the client of how Dell's online presence bring fort their business online with regards to the client's aim of redeveloping and enhancement of their online presence. Section 2 evaluates the business models and the use of technology by Dell's website in facilitating them to edge with the lead. After the critical appraisal of Dell's website, our client will be placed on its competitive advantage and total improvement of business activity online. 1 Analysis 1.1 Context of Use Website: Dell UK - http://www.dell.co.uk Users: Any web user is welcome to access Dell's website from any computer with internet and any type of web browser. Users can range from individual and corporate to enterprise and large business scale particularly buyers and retailers for purchasing products and services, and even access relevant company information or website contents for specific purpose. Prior to checkout of their purchasing products and services, users need to register or login to record order details. Stakeholders: All users that visit the website are

French and American Court System Research Paper - 1

French and American Court System - Research Paper Example The American Court System has basically the same degrees of organization with federal and state courts hearing the case when it is first brought up, a Court of Appeals for appeals made from the decision of the federal and state courts and the Supreme Court which has the final say when the case has not been resolved in the Court of Appeals. (American Bar Association, 2006); ( Wasby, 2000) As compared to the United States where the Supreme Court has the final authority on the interpretation of the Federal Constitution and all statutes and regulations created pursuant to it, the authority in France which has the final say on the interpretation of the law is divided into two: the Conseil dÉtat for administrative cases and the Court of Cassation for civil and criminal cases. The Jury System is a court proceeding where sentencing decision makers are people (note that it is more than one person) who may have no or little education in law and a judge as an arbiter/overseer of the proceedings such as in the United States. This is in contrast to other systems such as a Professional Judge which makes use of a career attorney delegated by the state to become a court’s sentencing decision maker. This is the mode among countries such as Japan and the Philippines. Besides from the jury which employs lay persons (lay in the sense that they may have little education in law), there also exists the lay judge where a layperson (singular) serves as the judge. This system can be found in many tribal communities where religion governs and legal codes and education are not yet well established. The jury is supposed to be the protector of the individual’s rights from the decision of the state by having the case presented to peers or equals of the accused who by being peers can understand the motivation or plight of the accused. Presumably, they are to understand the actions of the accused and judge whether the actions were prudent and acceptable to common values of equals in the same society.

Re-engineering mngement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Re-engineering mngement - Essay Example The city reengineered the process. Now, deprtments re given responsibility to mke ll smll purchses. Ech deprtment hs been issued bnk credit crd nd n pproved list of vendors. For ll purchses under $1,000 with these vendors, there re no requisition forms, no purchse orders, no sign-offs or hnd-offs. Stff members re ble to buy wht they need, when they need it, t competitive cost. Ech month, the bnk sends the finnce deprtment tpe of ll city trnsctions, llowing the city to reconcile purchses ginst its own generl ledger system. The result: purchses re mde promptly, equipment does not sit idle for lck of smll prts, nd the city estimtes tht it is sving thousnds of dollrs. The svings in stff time cn not even be clculted. Unfortuntely, reengineering enthusists cn be guilty of over-promising. The fct is, process reengineering is not for everyone. In mtters of policy, public involvement, nd politics, there lwys will be need for extensive consulttion nd meetings. If you stremline those processes too much, the public my perceive tht it is being left out. lso, when n orgniztion is going through crisis, BPR nd other innovtions re inpproprite, even though the crisis my force people to tke fresh look t how they do business once the crisis is over.

The Merchant Of Venice By William Shakespeare

The Merchant Of Venice By William Shakespeare The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare is a comic, revengeful and tragic play which is set in Venice and the nearby country estates of Belmont. Shakespeare wrote the play during times when England like much of the Europe had restricted the rights of the Jews and even escalated to extremes of banishing them from England in 1290 by King Edward I and were not officially allowed to return until1655 when Oliver Cromwell allowed them. This exile of Jews was still in effect when Shakespeare wrote this play and many scholars believe that some Jews still lived in England at the time of the Christian guise. At the time renaissance Christians disliked the Jews because they believed that their behaviour of charging interest on money they lend (usury) was against the societal morals. During the time of renaissance Christians had become heavily indebted to the Jews who had loaned money to them with interests rates hence their increased hatred for the Jewish counterparts who started terming them as inhuman by demanding usury on the monies they lend. This was a selfish and unfair reaction from the Christian community in Venice because they started treating Jews harshly by imposing hefty taxes on them failure from which their land was confiscated and defaulters imprisoned. Such heavy taxing was intended to boost the financial status of the government especially during adverse economic times (Mahon, 345). Merchant of Venice is a revenge tragedy play which its plot revolves around the quest of its main character shylock a Jew who is bitter on the way his neighbors supposedly Christians treat him and he is on a mission to avenge for such in human treatment. He plans and implements his revenge by engaging in money lending which offers him chance to avenge when a Christian defaults him after he lend the money. In Venice Bassanio borrows money from his merchant friend Antonio to help him woo a wealth noble woman Portia. Antonio does not have ready cash to lend to his friend but he gives him a permission or guarantee to borrow the money he needs on his credit. Antonio is expecting his ships to arrive at the harbor with a lot of merchandise that will enable him to settle the loan. Bassanio is given loan of 3000 ducats by the Jewish moneylender Shylock that is not in good terms with Antonio. Their dispute is a racial and religious one and shylock seizes the opportunity to offer a bizarre alternative to Antonio if he defaults and for sure Antonio chances of defaulting hits peak as the news that his ships had been wrecked. Shylock then takes the case to court demanding that he be given permission to cut one pound of flesh from the defaulters chest as agreed upon earlier. The case is solved amicably by the judge and the play ends in a good way when the main characters Bassanio and Portia marry ea ch other and the ships of the Antonio are found and arrives at the harbor. Shylock is a Jewish money lender who lives in Venice and he has been bittered for many years by the way Venetian Christians have been mistreating him especially by the merchant Antonio. The mistreatments by the Christians have shaped the religions and racial identity of shylock. The character of Shylock in the play merchant of Venice is portrayed as devilish and murderer whose dear intentions is to take away the life of the Christian Antonio believed by his fellow Christian to be the most kind mind to have ever lived in Venice. Shylock wants revenge on the Christian Antonio because he wants to avenge his revenge on the Christians who even call him a villain because nothing seems to stop him at getting the pound of flesh from Antonios chest even after Bassanio offers to pay him twice the agreed upon debt of six thousand ducats. He adamantly refuses to accept the money and demand for the pound of flesh which he claims he bought it hence he must have it because its legally his. Jews like shylock hate Christians at the time so dearly because Christians themselves had no liking for Jews because they believed they killed crucified Jesus Christ hence were on the side of the devil. Christian also hated Jews because they believed they were not human by charging usury on money they lend to Christians but the truth is that Christians had become heavily indebted to Jews who had lend money to them hence their intentional unfair reaction by being anti-Semitic. So the murderous character of Shylock is as result of the hatred and bitterness his arbors against Christians who constantly show hatred towards him and other Jews. He claims for what he believes is his rightfully and seizes the opportunity of Antonios defaulting to make himself to be recognized a as a just man by the Christians who always sees him as an unjust man. This newly earned character of shylock can mainly be attributed to Christians who forced him to hate them and even have a conspiration to kill Anton io, hence offering yet evidence why Christians are portrayed to have contributed to the construction of Shylocks character in the play. Shylock is forced to charges some interest on the money he lends and this becomes his obsession as he wants to acquire lot money to ensure his own security from the ungrateful Christians. With is addiction to getting more money he becomes a greedy person who is not his true self he only need the money as a reaction to the treatment he receives from the Christian community. Shylock sees that getting financial security is the only way to proof to the Christians like Antonio that he is also somebody worth respect and human dignity and not the way they always see him. He thinks that being wealth will make the Christian treat him well but that ends up not the truth as everything he has worked for ends up in the possession of his enemies when the court fines him for conspiring to kill Antonio and that costs half of his property and he later becomes broke and desolate forcing him to become a Christian hence making him loose his identity. Shylocks fate of losing his identity as a Jew is attr ibuted to his past greedy behavior of charging usury on the money he lends to Christians to get as much wealth as he could just to get at his Christian enemies hence it can be successfully argued that Christians can be held responsible for the final man that Shylock becomes as its their hatred and ill treatment that forced him to charge usury which converted him to a greedy person. Through out the play merchant of Venice Christians in Shylocks neighborhood show a consistent hatred and dislike for the Jewish shylock and even fail to call him by his given name but prefers calling him detestable alienating names like the Jew, cruel devil, harsh Jew, currish Jew, infidel, impenetrable cur, the villain and even the devil in the likenesses of the his Jewish identity. Such name calling alienated shylock from the Venetian Christians and make him diabolically foul which gradually constructs shylocks identity and makes him a bitter man who focuses in taking revenge against the Christian community who he beliefs are treating him in humanly. Shylock notices the habit of Christians to assess the worth of them and others according to faulty standards like using money value or grade ones status and value in the community. Christians belief is that the more money one has the greater value and status one belongs to and Shylock in his conspiration to unleash his monomaniacal lus t for revenge against his Christian enemies forced him into money lending ventures which he earns a living from the usury. Shylock sees this means as the only way for him as a Jew to compete with his fellow Venetian Christians. Shylock exhibits a monstrous behaviour especially against his Christian defaulters like Antonio as he sees it as the only achievable and fulfilling way of unleashing his revenge. This change in shylocks behaviour is as a result of the constant cold treatment he receive from his Christian neighbors and this has made him a different person which is not characteristic of the Jew he was at first hence an evident that Christians in Merchant of Venice greatly contributes to the construction of Shylocks racial and religious identity. Shylock in the play admits that he hates Antonio and even declines his invitation to dinner on the grounds that he is a Christian. Shylock hates Antonio even more because he himself is a usurer who lends money with high interest rates that has enabled him to acquire immense wealth. He accuses Antonio of lending money to people in distress without demanding for any interest charge and this escalates his hatred for Antonio because he sees him as a person who threatens his job since he causes his business to lose money as a result of reduced business. Shylock is therefore made to act harshly towards Christians because he accuses them of stealing his business and his run away daughter. This illustrates that the behaviour of Christians like Antonio being kind makes Shylock to change his character and become more harsh and unkind towards his perceived enemies Christians hence the construction of his character in the play. In the play Shylock has been portrayed an isolated, greedy, unreasonable and self-thinking individual who doesnt think of the needs of other people. He even loves money more than his daughter and doesnt want to eat, drink or even pray with anyone and he avoids making friendship making him cranky and steadfast and even rigid in his beliefs. He does a stereo-typical profession as a money-grabbing money lender; a job which makes him hard to let go off his greedy tendencies as he doesnt see any reason why he should do so event at the point where it warrants mercy and pity. He describes the idea of getting a pound of flesh from Antonios chest as a merry sport and finds it very pleasing when flesh is cut out of someones body and this is evident when he insist only for the pound of flesh even after being offered double the priced he is owed. Such unreasonable and weird secluded behaviour portrayed by Shylock is attributed to the racist treatment he receives from the Christians who have neve r seen anything in him other than his Jewishness. Shylock wonders why he is being treated that way by Christians yet he has eyes, has hands, and has organs, dimensions, feelings, senses and even passions just like them. The unreasonable and rigid character of shylock is as a result of the racial discrimination that he has received from the Christians hence the argument that Christians are the ones responsible for construction of his character. Christians are seen as the main modes through which the character of Shylock is shaped through out the play as Shylock constantly claims that he has done no wrong by treating Christians badly because he is simply following what his Christian neighbors has taught him which it eventually becomes an integral part of his character later in the play. His conspiracy to kill Antonio is borne of the insults and injuries which Antonio had inflicted upon him in their previous encounters. This means that by planning to kill Antonio he is does not consider himself as a murderer but rather as a mechanism of applying what his past relationship with Antonio has taught him. For instance Shylock when responding to Salarinos query on what good thing that having the pound of flesh will benefit him, he answers that it will offer him a chance to execute the villainy that Christians has taught him. This means that almost every action that Shylock does is attributed to some past experience that Christians have done to him hence the evidence of the role that Christians play in construction of Shylocks character in Shakespeares play the Merchant of Venice (Bradbrook, 126). During the court session, Shylocks proofs that he is a smart character who can defend himself in every adversary despite the great opposition from his Christian enemies who want to stop him from succeeding in demanding for the pound of flesh from his defaulter Antonio. Shylock guided by his keenness for revenge uses any wit within his disposal to ensure that he is granted the permission to finalize his revenge of killing Antonio. He has nobody on his side but he shows no sign of giving up until he satisfies his yearning for revenge; he argues to the judge that Christians refuses to set free their assess, dogs and mules simply because they bought them thus they own them and they are their slaves then why should he be denied the pound of flesh which he bought in accordance to the law and that why he beliefs that he is acting as per the law hence granting him the right to have the pound of flesh from Antonio as per the agreement they signed. This portrays that Shylock is stopping at not hing to ensuring that he succeeds in vending his hatred for Christians until he kills Antonio. Such courage enamates from his dearly anticipated revenge which he attributes to the cruelty he has gone through in the hands of the Christians hence its the way Christians treated him earlier that becomes the driving forms that makes Shylock a master of his own destiny. This shows that Christians therefore contributed o the construction of his Character in the play merchant of Venice. Christian merchant Antonio resulted to his own destruction when things fail to work according to his will. Shylock suffers a spiritual ruin when the clever Portia helps Antonio in solving the case in the court. Portia disguised as Bellario and Nerissa as a law clerk articulately influence the outcome of the court especially when Shylock adamantly refuses to show mercy for Antonio. Portia then allows him to get the pound of flesh as stipulated by the signed agreement and that was to be done without spilling of even a dot of blood. Shylock gives up and thus losing the case resulting to being fined for conspiring to murder Antonio and this forces him to lose have of his property and in addition is forced to convert to Christianity (Barton, 252).After Portia striping Shylock off his property he becomes broke and loses his Jewish religion and this is as result of the combined forces from the Christian community both outside and in the court. This twist of events therefore changed Shylocks religious identity for the rest of his life. During the time of Shakespeare Jews were treated harshly by the Venice Christians and nobody really cared whether they lived or died. As a way of showing their uncaring behaviour Christians became anti-Semitic and the government of the day taxed them heavily and striped off their money during times that the governments money became low or just for government financial boost. If Jews failed to pay the money taxed on them individually or collectively, then their property especially land was confiscated and defaulters imprisoned. Therefore the Jews population was treated harshly and with a lot of disrespect by Christians who lived in Venice during the renaissance period. This prompted Shakespeare to develop the character of Shylock in Merchant of Venice as to portray the bitterness that Jews felt as a reaction to the harsh treatment they were accorded to by the Christian community. During the time of renaissance Jews had to be portrayed and villain ands people never expected anyone of them to show any drop of compassion for his enemy because the Christians were the ones expected to show compassion towards others especially the Jews who were stereotypically viewed as the murderers of Jesus Christ thus forcing Shylock who is a Jew to behave like the devil. This construction of Shylocks character give Christians like Portia the chance to show their mercy when he corners him using the law which was his only weapon and strips him his property only to give half of it back after he loses his religion to become Christian. The behavior of Shylock charging usury gives Antonio the Christian another chance to show him mercy by refusing to collect part of his goods as a compensation for his conspiration to eliminate him. The outcome of the court forces Shylock to kneel and beg for mercy from the Christians judges which served the interests of the renaissance Christian popul ation in Venice (Shakespeare et al, 145). In conclusion, the discussions and argument made in the essay goes beyond any reasonable doubt that the character of the Shylock who is one of the main characters in the play Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare is heavily constructed by the presence, interactions ad behaviors of the Christian community who happened to be the neighbors of the character. Shylock undergoes a lot of transformations in his character throughout the play and almost everything he does claims that he was thought by his Christians neighbors and in fact he shows no remorse or mercy or even take responsibility for the outcome of his actions since her doesnt even see anything wrong with his weird character. Shylock becomes greedy, alienated, villain, infidel, unreasonable, rigid and even a murderer which all are linked to his dear intentions in trying to avenge for himself and the rest of the Jews for what he terms as inhuman, intolerable and ill treatment by the Christians in Venice and the neighborhood. He belief s that by taking a revenge by killing Antonio he will have succeeded in making the Christians pay for the past unacceptable behaviors against Jews.

Essay --

Even though the American Revolution constituted represented a tremendous strike against the old social order, its founding ideals could not be realized within the socioeconomic framework that existed in colonial America. Power was placed in the hands of the moneyed class, which utilized federal, state, and local governments to consolidate its political and economic control. Small farmers, artisans, the working poor, and slaves faced injustices. Combating injustice is a long process and any relief is slow coming. Election campaigns require tremedous financial resources, so bought-and-paid-for politicians are servants of a financial aristocracy and not rather representatives of the American people. powerful interests—whether industrial, financial, or agricultural—that predominated in each state whose wealth and power far surpasses the European ruling classes so despised by the Founding Fathers. noble dream that the United States was founded on could not be fully realized within, was belied by the development of capitalism and the resulting exploitation of an emerging working class and the dispossession of small farmers. social inequality inequality and injustice still remaining privilege United States to seize control of the key strategic regions of the world In order for the American ruling class to impose its deeply reactionary agenda of austerity and imperialist expansion, it is dispensing with democracy and resorting to ever more repressive forms of rule. the winner will rule, not with the consent of the people, but at the bidding of Wall Street, which, with the rest of corporate America, is financing their $3 billion presidential campaigns. each state would have two senators, regardless of population, thus effectively dep... ...Constitutional Convention against â€Å"Insufficient checks against democracy† Thus, a tax on whiskey had a direct impact on income. And the fines for tax violation could exceed most people’s yearly earnings. Moreover, the tax was organized so smaller distillers would pay by the gallon, while larger distillers, who could produce in volume, could take advantage of a flat fee. The net effect was that big producers could undersell smaller ones. Hogeland states, â€Å"The goal was industry consolidation† more direct and extreme form of democratic expression to the demands of the popular classes. progressive tax on wealth diplomacy political cover† for the military operation power runs bottom-up rather than top-down unfulfilled ideals exploitation and social inequality against entrenched wealth and power to build a society based on the rule of law rather than rank and privilege.

How Does Technology Influence Our Daily Lives Essay

The tÐ µrm „ technologyâ€Å" has been defined by the ancient Greeks as a collective term of human achievements, inventions, creations, knÐ ¾wledge and expertise. Without a doubt, technology dramatically affects our lives in virtually each and every aspect and area. One of the greatest and most heated contemporary debates has been: „Does technology influence our lives in a positive or negative way?â€Å" In my opinion, technology by itself has neither positive nor negative consequences. The only defining factor is how people use technology. Nevertheless, I would rather support the idea that technological inventions serve predominantly good purposes. It is really hard to point out the areas where technological achievements have been the most spectacular. Therefore, the present work will focus on three sectors: nuclear technology, internet and medical applications. Since nuclear power’s earliest discovery as a theoretical principle, and later as practical applica tions, methods, equipment and devices, this exceptional breakthrough has played a great role in our lives. The only large-scale and applicable alternative to fossil fuels for generating electricity is the nuclear power. Despite their numerous flaws, NPPs ( Nuclear Power Plants) are so widespread around the world, that without them huge regions in the globe would be left in darkness and silence. Scientists have put enormous efforts into modernizing and mastering not only the principle of nuclear fusion and fision, but also into the whole equipment and machinery behind. Such problems as nuclear waste disposals, contamination, natural disasters, etc. do not deter people from relying on this reasonably-priced energy source. Moreover, an easily accessible and moderately-priced energy source is of great significance for vast, overpopulated but poor world regions, as it contributes to developing these areas to achieve higher living standards. Even though there are many issues with nuclear power production and waste management, I believe it will remain a desirable source of energy in the future because of its reach and application.I believe that the developments and discoveries in medical sciences, appointed to saving human lives, improvement of quality of life and expansion of the ifespan, are the greatest and most noble achievemen The discovery of X-ray methods gave doctors the opportunity to look inside the human body and know exactly where surgery is needed or see the broken bones. Furthermore, another crucial breakthrough is lazer technology which made bloodless operations possible and dramatically shorten ed the recovery period of patients. The MRI , ultrasound and computer tomography all provide a unique chance to observe and analyze pathogenic tissues, cells, tumors, the fetus growth, and make extremely complex heart and brain surgeries more accessible. The outstanding combination of medical and engineering research gave the world unbelievable access to sub-cell processes, the discovery of the human genome and DNA structure. This has widely opened the doors for fundamental genetic research, powerful pharmaceutical development and generally, the expansion of life expectancy of humans. Here it is a point to mention one extraordinary latest discovery in medicine- nanotechnology, and one special application- Quantum Dots. Combined with the knowledge about the human genome, this high-tech method gives a reliable tool for fighting different types of cancer. First ly, QDs can spot and trace very small tumor formations, even separate tumor cells by marking them in different light from the spectrum. Later, all the tumor cells and tissues emitting fluorescence are traced and consequently, being destroyed with the help of similar dots. Such QDs are charged with miniature laser source inside, encapsulated safely and put into the blood stream. When detecting the tumor cell or tissue, a laser impulse is emitted, and within the tumor cell it is transfered into heat which destroys the tumor without harming the healthy cells.( Wood, 2004). Another fascinating application of nanotechnology is the so called polymeric micelles, which can help the efficient delivery of drugs directly into cells and tissues. These compounds have much greater tissue penetrating power, more controlled drug release and are less harmful. This recent discovery gave doctors a great hope to make fine cure on cell and tissue levels and make treatments much more effective and less i nvasive. Computer invention and development, combined with one of the greatest achievements in the modern technological world – the Internet, have really changed the nature of contemporary communication and ways of doing business.(Passion Computing, 2012) The discovery of computer principles and construction is also connected to the name of a scientist with Bulgarian roots – John Atanassov, who is considered a person with great contribution to this breakthrough. Computer technology gave people the opportunity to make mathematical calculations with immence speed and accuracy never seen before. The following developments such as the ability to solve complex technical, technological and scientific problems; visualizingprocesses and trends in business; transmitting and transfering information to each and in any point of the world, – changed completely the way of thinking and working in our globalised world. The first one is undoubtedly education. This area has benefitted greatly from modern high-tech inventions.First of all,students have the option to search quickly and easily information on the Internet about their academic studies, written assignments and courseworks, numerous projects and multimedia presentations. The variety of options in visualization and graphical applications expanded the usage of visual aids and the ability to interprete, discuss and predict different trends in the processes under study and research. Another great advantage is given to education by the chance to share, exchange and communicate new ideas, discoveries and suggestions with professors and colleagues. (Lewis H. 2009) This way, it became possible to make panel discussions, conference talks, even to take exams and tests during distant learning courses.These developments augmented immensely the boundaries of education and provided opportunities for lifelong learning and continuous training and qualification for professionals of all walks of l ife. The access to virtual libraries, databases of knowledge, archives and other sources of stored information made it possible to attend a university or course in a really distant location, and get your diploma without even being physically at the educational institution. Another area with great benefits from Internet technology is business and banking. The nature and content of modern business deals changed dramatically due to modern methods.(Passion Computing, 2012).Nowadays, making a complex deal and trade, even an export of goods, is possible without moving away from the office. All the necessary documents, contracts, invoices, specifications and licences can be transfered over the Internet, all the changes can be negotiated the same way within a couple of days. Moreover, the shipment documentation can also be transfered online and even opening of the Letter of Credit, money transfer and other payments can be done online by a service bank. What is more, huge projects with many drawings, schemes, charts and graphs can be exchanged over the net, and even great architecture projects can be made by international teams based in several countries.The world of money is also of great use from the Internet. Huge funds may be transfered from one bank to another with just one click of the button. This development saves efforts, time and makes the modern business payments easier than ever before. All these deals are accompanied by the problems with data security, illegal access to database, fraud problems and abuse oj personal data, but the work and efforts never stop to resolve these issues. Last but not least, we have to mention the sphere of manufacturing and production. Internet and computerised methods of processing metals, plastics, cotton and textile, leather, vegetables and fruit, gave the greatest ever advancement in producing all the necessary goods and services for the life of modern humans. We are now able to create complex telescopes, planes, spaceships and equipment to explore the processes in space and Universe, and maybe to find a new planet for humanity to settle and develop in the future. To put it in a nutshell, advanced technology is an integral part of our modern life and will be even more important in our future.

Sicilian Phrasebook

Sicilian Phrasebook GREETINGS Bon giornu. Bona sira.Good evening. Bona notti.Good night. Addiu.Good-bye. Comu si senti?How are you? Bonu, grazii, e Lei?Fine, thanks, and you? Unn cà ¨ mali.Not bad. Piaciri di canuscirvi.Pleased to meet you. GETTING ALONG Parra inglisi? Iu unn parru sicilianu.I do not speak Sicilian. Ma capisciu si parra chià ¹ lentamenti.But Ill understand if you speak more slowly. Mi capisci si parru inglisi?Do you understand me if I speak English? Cà ¨ nessunu cca ca parra inglisi?Does anyone speak English here? Comu si dici in sicilianu...?How do you say in Sicilian...? ASKING FOR DIRECTIONS Mi po diri comu si va a ...? Quantu si ci metta a [town name] di cca?How far is [town name] from here? Quantu si ci metti in machina?How long does it take by car? Mi po mustrari na carta unna mi trovu?Can you show me on the map where I am? Gira sinistra.Turn left. Gira destra.Turn right. Jiti rittu rittu.Go straight ahead. Faciti un giru cumpletu.Make a U-turn. Jiti à ´ primincruciamentu.Go to the first intersection. Unn à ¨ luntanu.Its not far. È vicinu.Its nearby. Si ci metti cincu minuti a pedi.Its a five-minute walk. TRAVEL AND TRANSPORTATION Pi favuri, unna à ¨ u benzinaiu u chià ¹ vicinu? Pi favuri, mi metta deci litri di benzina.Ten liters of gas, please. Mi volcontrollar a pressioni dà ® gummi?Would you check the tire pressure? Unna pozzu parcheggiari?Where can I park? Cà ¨ un parcheggiu ca vicinu?Is there a parking lot nearby? È un parcheggiu liberu?Is this a free parking lot? ON THE BUS Quali autobus devu prenniri pi jiri à ¢ Quattru Canti? Unna à ¨ a firmata?Where is the bus stop? È chistu lautobus pi San Fratellu?Is this the rigth bus for San Fratello? Un biglettu, pir favuri.One ticket, please. Devu scinniri a...I have to get off at... Mi po diri unna devu scinniri?Can you tell me where to get off? AT THE TRAIN STATION Quannu à ¨ u prossimu trenu pi Missina? Vogghiu un bigliettu di andata e ritornu.Id like a round-trip ticket. Un bigliettu sulu di andata.One-way ticket, please. Un bigliettu di prima classi, pi favuri.First class, please. A chi ura arriva u trenu di...?At what time does the train arrive from...? Chi à ¨ direttu o espressu?Is it a local or an express? Mi po dari un orariu?May I have a timetable? Da quali binariu parti u trenu?From what platform does it leave? U trenu parti dà ´ binariu...The train leaves from platform... U trenu pir Catania parti a...The train for Catania leaves at... È trenu cu prinotazzioni ubbligatoria.You need a reservation for this train. FOOD AND DRINK agneddu antipastu mistumixed antipasto baccalarudry salted cod bivannidrinks calamarisquid cicirichickpeas ducisweets fasolibeans panibread pipipepper pumudamuritomatoes sasizzasausage u primufirst course u secunnusecond course vinu biancuwhite wine vinu russured wine SHOPPING Comu Le pozzu sirviri? Vogghiu sulu dar un occhiata.I just want to have a look. Vogghiaccattarun capeddu.Id like to buy a hat. Unna à ¨ u camerinu?Where is the fitting room? Pozzu cangiari na vota accattatu?May I return this? Faciti anchi modifichi cca?Do you make alterations here? Pozzu pagari cà ¢ carta di creditu?Can I pay with my credit card? Non accettamu carti di creditu, sulu contanti.We do not accept credit cards, only cash. Mi poincartari u me acquistu in pacchettu regalu?Can you gift-wrap my purchase? Tuttu ntà ´ negozziu à ¨ in saldu.Every item in the store is on sale. È troppu granni / nicu / lungu / curtu.Its too large / small / long / short. SERVICES Mi po puliri sti cammisi, pir favuri? Quannu sarannu pronti i causi?When are the pants going to be ready? Mi bisogninu pi sabatu.I need them by Saturday. Devu pagari ora o quannu i vegnu a ritirari?Should I pay now or when I come to pick them up? Eccu a so ricevuta.Here is your receipt. Vulissi tagghiari i capiddi.I would like a haircut. Vulissi un tagghiu curtu.I would like my hair short. Vulissi sulu na spuntata.I would like my hair trimmed. Faciti anchi massaggi cca?Do you also do massages? MONEY Unna à ¨ a banca a chià ¹ vicina? Quannu apri / chiudi a banca?When does the bank open / close? Unna pozzu truvari un Bancomat?Where can I find an ATM? A quantu sta u dollaru oggi?How much is the dollar today? Chi tassa ci mittiti sà » cambiu esteru?What is your fee on currency exchange? Accitati carti di creditu?Do you accept credit cards? AT THE BEACH Unna pozzu affitari una sdraia? A chi ura devu ristituiri a sdraia?At what time shall I return the deck chair? Chi voli diri a bannera russa?What does the red flag mean? Quantu pozzu natari a largu?How far am I allowed to swim here? Unna pozzu accattari na buttighia dacqua nta spiaggia?Where can I buy a bottle of water on the beach? È chista na spiaggia pubblica?Is this a public beach? HEALTH Pozzu vidiri un dutturi, pi favuri? Chiamati lambulanza!Call an ambulance! Unn mi sentu bonu.I dont feel well. Mi sentu malatu.I feel sick. Mi fa mali a testa.I have a headache. Mi fa mali a panza.I have a stomachache. Haiu un allergia.I have an allergy. Cercu na farmacia.I am looking for a pharmacy. Mi po diri unna à ¨ a farmacia chià ¹ vicina?Where is the nearest pharmacy, please? Devu pigghiari sta pinnula cu acqua?Should I take this pill with water? EMERGENCIES Latru! Aiutu!Help! Lassami in paci!Leave me alone! Vattinni!Go away! Mi scipparu a cullana!They snatched my necklace! Haiu bisognu di un interpetri.I need an interpreter. Cà ¨ un dutturi cca?Is there a doctor here? Focu!Fire! Chiamati i pomperi!Call the firemen! MEASURES centimetru chilometrukilometer chilukilo litruliter metrumeter DAYS OF THE WEEK luneddà ¬ marteddà ¬Tuesday mercoleddà ¬Wednesday gioveddà ¬Thursday venerddà ¬Friday sabbatuSaturday duminicaSunday MONTHS OF THE YEAR jinnaru fivraruFebruary marzuMarch apriliApril maggiuMay giugnuJune lugliuJuly agustuAugust settembriSeptember ottubbriOctober novembriNovember dicembriDecember TIME Chi ura à ¨? È luna.It is one oclock. Sunu id dui.It is two oclock. Sunu i dui e menzu.It is two-thirty. Sunu i dui menu un quartu.It is a quarter to two. THE FOUR SEASONS primavera estatisummer autunnuautumn invernuwinter THE WEATHER Chi tempu fa? Fa friddu oggi.Today it is cold. Fa cauru.Its warm. Chiovi.Its raining. È na bedda jurnata.Its a gorgeous day. Nun chiovi, ma fa ventu.Its not raining, but it is windy. È nuvulusu.Its cloudy. Quanti gradi fa fora?How many degrees is it outside? Rumani ci sar una timpesta.Tomorrow there will be a thunderstorm.

1800s Social Work Essays

1800s Social Work Essays 1800s Social Work Essay 1800s Social Work Essay Nineteenth century America was a time of urbanization, industrialization, immigration, overcrowding and as a result, poverty. During this time, social policy was relatively non-existent and financial assistance was the sole responsibility of private or public charities. Women did not have rights or economic independence, as they were typically considered the property of their husbands. During this time, a woman with three children who was abandoned by her husband would receive little or no financial assistance; she may fall under the category of the â€Å"unworthy† poor, as she was not a widow, elderly or physically disabled. The assistance of this women may have changed from the early to late nineteenth century, as feminists such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton began to advocate for social reform, and others such as Jane Adams became concerned with the social well being of women. From the beginning to late 1800’s some social reform took place and the federal government began to implement various programs and institutions to assist in the financial well being of the poor. Early 1800’s During the early 1800’s, there weren’t any significant federal programs aimed at assisting the poor. Financial aid was allocated as the responsibility of the local community, local government, or religious charity. People were expected to work and take care of their families unless they were elderly, sick or widowed; these were labeled the â€Å"worthy† poor in need of assistance. Women were the â€Å"property† if their husbands and typically performed work inside of the home to contribute to the financial well being of the family. They were responsible for the production of cloth, clothing and shoes. Additionally, there weren’t any limitations on the working hours, wages or conditions for women and children. During this time, a mother of three abandoned by her husband would have received little or no assistance. She would not fall under the classification of the â€Å"worthy† poor, as she was not a widow, elderly or sick. It is possible that her or her children would work in mills under dangerous conditions and long hours, if her children were over the age of three; child labor was prevalent during this time period. If a white woman was unable to financially support her children, they may become apprentices to families who can support them. This served as an educational opportunity for children to learn a trade. Collectively, an able bodied poor person, such as an abandoned woman was deemed â€Å"lazy and sinful† and may have been sent to a workhouse through enforced labor. As the nineteenth century progressed, industrialization spurred the continued migration to urban cities in search of training and work; this led to overcrowding and poverty. Poverty was primarily blamed on the individual. If a woman with three children needed assistance, any community organizations of the time would assume that the problem was intra-psychic and there was a moral deficiency. To address this concern, middle class reformers felt that the betterment of cities could be achieved through moral reconstitution of individuals and families. Several â€Å"moral building† organizations were created; the New York Association for Improving the conditions of the Poor was established in 1843. Male volunteers would offer religious teachings, work to get the poor to abstain from alcohol, become more self-disciplined and acquire the Protestant Work Ethic. As a result, a woman abandoned by her husband would receive moral teachings in her home rather than any financial assistance. Mid 1800’s Towards the 1840’s, advocates of social reform began to voice their concerns regarding poverty. Dorothea Dix spoke of the need for separate facilities for adult offenders, juveniles and the mentally ill. She also suggested that the Federal government be responsible for the mentally ill and provide them with treatment through hospitalization. In 1845, the first state asylum for the mentally ill was established in Trenton New Jersey. In 1848 she proposed that the federal government give financial assistance to states to build hospitals for the mentally ill and the legislation was passed. However, in 1854 the legislation was vetoed and welfare responsibility was returned to the states. Also in 1848, feminists such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton convened at the Seneca Falls Convention to declare a goal of equal rights and opportunity in education, employment and legal rights. This would challenge the limited opportunities that existed for an abandoned mother of three. She would have been limited in her education, employment opportunities and political standing. Towards the middle of the century, education increased and the views regarding children’s needs began to change. In an effort to provide education and shelter to needy children, Charles Loring Brace founded the Children’s Aid Society in 1853 New York. He felt that the urban environment was dangerous to children due to crime and delinquency. This organization could have given devastating consequences to an abandoned woman with three children because it was the elementary form of modern foster care. The Children’s Aid Society would remove children from families who could not provide â€Å"proper care† for their children. They would then transport these children to families in rural areas in an effort to provide opportunities in a new, â€Å"safer† environment. A woman deserted by her husband could have very easily been considered and unfit parent, as she requested financial assistance from her counterparts. During this time period, she would be in danger of having her children taken from her care and given to an unfamiliar family where she would no longer be able to contact them. The Children’s Aid Society transported over 50,000 children in a period of 25 years; these children typically became runaways. In 1864, Frederic Le Play completed the first scientific study of poverty; he investigated its causes, consequences and possible solutions. This study may have provided evidence that poverty is not the sole blame of the individual. After the time of the Civil War, 1861-65, the political climate called for a need of health services for the wounded soldiers, as well as the families of the deceased. Many slaves were freed but lacked any education, health care or employment opportunities. Due to this deficiency, the federal government began to take responsibility for the people. In 1865, the Freedman’s Bureau was established; it was the first federal welfare agency and provided health care, education, housing for the freed slaves. In1872, the Bureau ended because the Federal government did not want to facilitate welfare. Late 1800’s Towards the late nineteenth century, ideas of Social Darwinism began to influence society. It was believed those able to work would thrive and live successfully whereas those who weren’t would fail and perish; it was survival of the fittest and intervention for the poor was felt to go against nature. For this reason, financial assistance was not provided to the needy. Middle class reformers continued to assume individual flaws caused poverty. Lack of morals continued to be blamed for the conditions of the poor. However, people began to understand that certain environmental factors were responsible as well and felt that the poor needed some guidance. In 1877, Reverend Steven Gurteen established the first Charity Organization Society in Buffalo, NY, in an effort to serve as an organizing body for all private charities. This organization developed a list of the poor served in their communities so that each person would be limited to services from one charity. In this case, the woman with three children would not be able to reach out to more than one private charity, as her services were recorded. This woman would receive services from the â€Å"friendly visitor†. This was typically a middle-class female volunteer who would visit the home to investigate the living conditions and reasons for poverty. The â€Å"friendly visitor† would come to the home of the woman, inquire about the reasons for which her husband deserted her and teach her about the moral values of the middle class. The goal was to â€Å"fix† the immoral environment so that the woman would be able to uplift herself from circumstance and become able to adequately care for her home and children. She would be given advice on how to correct her problems. Additionally, they would record information about the woman and return it to their agency to better understand life in the slum. The â€Å"friendly visitors† seldom had knowledge or experience with the poor, which caused a huge, disconnect between them and their clients; often the clients suffered from decreased self-esteem. By 1890, there were 4,000 practicing â€Å"friendly visitors†. The recording practices of the visitors led to a better understanding of poverty and its causes. It became understood that the sole responsibility does not fall on the individual. By the end of the 19th century, immigration increased and overcrowding was at its peak. There was a deficit in housing and education. In response, the first settlement house, the Neighborhood Guild, was opened in New York in 1886. In 1889, Jane Adams and Ellen Gates Starr opened the most influential settlement house, known as Hull House. This would have been the first helpful opportunity presented to a mother of three who was deserted by her husband. At Hull House, she would be given a home to live in without the cost of rent. The residents at Hull House were primarily women and immigrants. â€Å"In 1891, Florence Kelley Wischnewetzky was fleeing from her husband and seeking refuge for herself and her three children, ages six, five, and four. ‘We were welcomed as though we had been invited,’ she wrote thirty-five years later in her memoirs†¦Jane Adams supplied Kelley with room, board and employment. † Hull house provided families with daycare and kindergarten services, education and training for residents, culture nights to become familiar with various cultures, a library and entertainment. Additionally, women in settlement houses worked to advocate for housing, public health care and improved working conditions for men, women and children. The Hull House residents conducted campaigns, which led to the passing of legislature, which mandated an eight-hour workday for women and children in Illinois. As knowledge of the poor grew through work in the settlement houses and friendly visitors, a growing need for a formal education was presented. In 1898 the first school for social workers was established, The New York School of Philanthropy (Columbia University). Conclusion In the 1800s, a woman with three children deserted by her husband would have faced many hardships in obtaining any financial assistance. Social welfare and charity were the responsibility of the community and the needy were distinguished based on their â€Å"worthiness†. Able-bodied unemployed people were considered unworthy and sinful. For this reason, moral teaching was the primary means of relief. However, as the 19th century progressed and urbanization led to an increase in poverty, social reformers such as Jane Addams began to take notice and advocated for the need to assist immigrants in obtaining housing, heath care, and employment. Throughout the century, the federal government assumed some responsibility for the welfare of the people, as in the Freedman’s Bureau but would abruptly re-delegate the responsibility to the states. However, the creation of the Charity Organization Society demonstrated that social welfare relief was evolving to become an increasingly centralized institution. The 1890’s settlement movement would be the first major form of assistance for a deserted mother of three, where she would be able to obtain much needed services for her and her children.

PSY 1010-60 - General Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PSY 1010-60 - General Psychology - Essay Example As the precise description of ethnographic study is established, the patterns which distinguish various groups may be apparent, but the universality in some aspects of culture may also bring a variety of groups in mutual standpoints. In practical example, a brief experiential study on a religious Catholic mass set in a local community had been conducted for more than an hour. Keeping the exact location of the place confidential, a number of relevant observations can be drawn from such cultural sector. Majority of the individuals who attended the mass are white Americans, with several mixtures from other races--including Hispanic Americans. Female population seemed to dominate the congregation, with a few attendance from the male counterpart. Some have been dozing off in their seats, while others prefer to stand while attending the mass. In terms of the ceremony, gospels songs are played in muted tones, while the priest had been quite forceful in delivering his religious speech to the congregation--several of them looked bored while a few are avidly listening. It had been obvious that most attendees are already aware of the routines followed: the cues on when to stand, sing, and perform religious hand gestures.

Reed Solomon Code Applications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reed Solomon Code Applications - Essay Example The applications of Reed Solomon codes are mainly obtained in data storage and digital communications. The following major applications can be listed for Reed Solomon codes –†¢ Data Storage – In case of both CDs, and DVDs, it is possible to apply codes for correction of errors and measure the raw errors before correcting them. The application is in holographic data storage or optical storage and the two major schemes that are applicable include Cross-Interleaved Reed-Solomon Code (CIRC) for CDs and a Reed-Solomon Product Code (RS-PC) for DVDs. Each bit of data is considered for a firm decision by both these codes to understand if the bit is 1 or 0. Following this, the correction scheme of the codes can fix the errors in the data storage devices (Curtis et al, 2011).  The application is most effective in cases where error occurs in bursts. Reed Solomon codes are capable of correcting up to 2 byte errors per 32 byte block. Up to 4000 bits of error bursts can be cor rected by CIRC as a result of the features and applications of the codes.  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Data Transmission – Reed Solomon codes can be used in several applications for the purpose of transmission of data. Data can be transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter. The applications include transmission systems for mobile data, and for highly reliable military systems of communications. There are specialized forms of RS codes enabling data transmission, such as Caucy-RS and Vandermonde-RS where the code performing the task is an RS(n,k) code.